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Pré-Publication, Document De Travail Année : 2021

Molecular coevolution of nuclear and nucleolar localization signals inside basic domain of HIV-1 Tat

Margarita A Kurnaeva
  • Fonction : Auteur
Arthur O Zalevsky
Eugene A Arifulin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Olga M Lisitsyna
  • Fonction : Auteur
Anna V Tvorogova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Maria y Shubina
  • Fonction : Auteur
Gleb P Bourenkov
  • Fonction : Auteur
Maria A Tikhomirova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Daria M Potashnikova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Anastasia I Kachalova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Yana R Musinova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Andrey V Golovin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Eugene V Sheval
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 1138007

Résumé

ABSTRACT During evolution, viruses had to adapt to an increasingly complex environment of eukaryotic cells. Viral proteins that need to enter the cell nucleus or associate with nucleoli possess nuclear localization signals (NLSs) and nucleolar localization signals (NoLSs) for nuclear and nucleolar accumulation, respectively. As viral proteins are relatively small, acquisition of novel sequences seems to be a more complicated task for viruses than for eukaryotes. Here, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of the basic domain (BD) of HIV-1 Tat to show how viral proteins might evolve with NLSs and NoLSs without an increase in protein size. The HIV-1 Tat BD is involved in several functions, the most important being the transactivation of viral transcription. The BD also functions as an NLS, although it is substantially longer than a typical NLS. It seems that different regions in the BD could function as NLSs due to its enrichment with positively charged amino acids. Additionally, the high positive net charge inevitably causes the BD to function as an NoLS through a charge-specific mechanism. The integration of NLSs and NoLSs into functional domains enriched with positively charged amino acids might be a mechanism that allows the condensation of different functional sequences in small protein regions and, as a result, to reduce protein size, influencing the origin and evolution of NLSs and NoLSs in viruses.
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Dates et versions

hal-03376162 , version 1 (13-10-2021)

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Margarita A Kurnaeva, Arthur O Zalevsky, Eugene A Arifulin, Olga M Lisitsyna, Anna V Tvorogova, et al.. Molecular coevolution of nuclear and nucleolar localization signals inside basic domain of HIV-1 Tat. 2021. ⟨hal-03376162⟩
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