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Journal Articles Astrophys.J. Year : 2021

The HST See Change Program: I. Survey Design, Pipeline, and Supernova Discoveries

Brian Hayden
  • Function : Author
David Rubin
Kyle Boone
  • Function : Author
Greg Aldering
  • Function : Author
Jakob Nordin
  • Function : Author
Mark Brodwin
  • Function : Author
Susana Deustua
  • Function : Author
Sam Dixon
  • Function : Author
Parker Fagrelius
  • Function : Author
Andy Fruchter
  • Function : Author
Peter Eisenhardt
  • Function : Author
Anthony Gonzalez
Ravi Gupta
  • Function : Author
Isobel Hook
  • Function : Author
Chris Lidman
Kyle Luther
  • Function : Author
Adam Muzzin
  • Function : Author
Zachary Raha
  • Function : Author
Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente
  • Function : Author
Clare Saunders
  • Function : Author
Caroline Sofiatti
  • Function : Author
Adam Stanford
  • Function : Author
Nao Suzuki
  • Function : Author
Tracy Webb
  • Function : Author
Steven C. Williams
  • Function : Author
Gillian Wilson
  • Function : Author
Mike Yen
  • Function : Author
Rahman Amanullah
  • Function : Author
Kyle Barbary
  • Function : Author
Hans Bohringer
  • Function : Author
Greta Chappell
  • Function : Author
Carlos Cunha
  • Function : Author
Miles Currie
  • Function : Author
Rene Fassbender
  • Function : Author
Michael Gladders
  • Function : Author
Ariel Goobar
  • Function : Author
Hendrik Hildebrandt
  • Function : Author
Henk Hoekstra
  • Function : Author
Xiaosheng Huang
  • Function : Author
Dragan Huterer
  • Function : Author
M. James Jee
  • Function : Author
Alex Kim
  • Function : Author
Marek Kowalski
  • Function : Author
Eric Linder
  • Function : Author
Joshua E. Meyers
  • Function : Author
Saul Perlmutter
  • Function : Author
Piero Rosati
  • Function : Author
Eduardo Rozo
  • Function : Author
Eli Rykoff
  • Function : Author
Joana Santos
  • Function : Author
Anthony Spadafora
  • Function : Author
Daniel Stern
  • Function : Author
Risa Wechsler
  • Function : Author

Abstract

The See Change survey was designed to make z > 1 cosmological measurements by efficiently discovering high-redshift Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and improving cluster mass measurements through weak lensing. This survey observed twelve galaxy clusters with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) spanning the redshift range z = 1.13–1.75, discovering 57 likely transients and 27 likely SNe Ia at z ∼ 0.8–2.3. As in similar previous surveys, this proved to be a highly efficient use of HST for supernova observations; the See Change survey additionally tested the feasibility of maintaining, or further increasing, the efficiency at yet higher redshifts, where we have less detailed information on the expected cluster masses and star formation rates. We find that the resulting number of SNe Ia per orbit is a factor of ∼8 higher than for a field search, and 45% of our orbits contained an active SN Ia within 22 rest-frame days of peak, with one of the clusters by itself yielding 6 of the SNe Ia. We present the survey design, pipeline, and supernova discoveries. Novel features include fully blinded supernova searches, the first random forest candidate classifier for undersampled IR data (with a 50% detection threshold within 0.05 mag of human searchers), real-time forward-modeling photometry of candidates, and semi-automated photometric classifications and follow-up forecasts. We also describe the spectroscopic follow-up, instrumental in measuring host galaxy redshifts. The cosmology analysis of our sample will be presented in a companion paper.

Dates and versions

hal-03197507 , version 1 (13-04-2021)

Identifiers

Cite

Brian Hayden, David Rubin, Kyle Boone, Greg Aldering, Jakob Nordin, et al.. The HST See Change Program: I. Survey Design, Pipeline, and Supernova Discoveries. Astrophys.J., 2021, 912 (2), pp.87. ⟨10.3847/1538-4357/abed4d⟩. ⟨hal-03197507⟩
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