Properties of Heavy Secondary Fluorine Cosmic Rays: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
M. Aguilar
,
L. Ali Cavasonza
,
M.S. Allen
,
B. Alpat
,
G. Ambrosi
,
L. Arruda
,
N. Attig
,
F. Barao
,
L. Barrin
,
A. Bartoloni
,
S. Başeğmez-Du Pree
,
R. Battiston
,
M. Behlmann
,
B. Beranek
,
J. Berdugo
,
B. Bertucci
,
V. Bindi
,
K. Bollweg
,
B. Borgia
,
M.J. Boschini
,
M. Bourquin
,
E.F. Bueno
,
J. Burger
,
W.J. Burger
,
S. Burmeister
,
X.D. Cai
,
M. Capell
,
J. Casaus
,
G. Castellini
,
F. Cervelli
,
Y.H. Chang
,
G.M. Chen
,
G.R. Chen
,
H.S. Chen
,
Y. Chen
,
L. Cheng
,
H.Y. Chou
,
S. Chouridou
,
V. Choutko
,
C.H. Chung
,
C. Clark
,
G. Coignet
(1)
,
C. Consolandi
,
A. Contin
,
C. Corti
,
Z. Cui
,
K. Dadzie
,
C. Delgado
,
S. Della Torre
,
M.B. Demirköz
,
L. Derome
(2)
,
S. Di Falco
,
V. Di Felice
,
C. Díaz
,
F. Dimiccoli
,
P. von Doetinchem
,
F. Dong
,
F. Donnini
,
M. Duranti
,
A. Egorov
,
A. Eline
,
J. Feng
,
E. Fiandrini
,
P. Fisher
,
V. Formato
,
C. Freeman
,
Y. Galaktionov
,
C. Gámez
,
R.J. García-López
,
C. Gargiulo
,
H. Gast
,
M. Gervasi
,
F. Giovacchini
,
D.M. Gómez-Coral
,
J. Gong
,
C. Goy
(1)
,
V. Grabski
,
D. Grandi
,
M. Graziani
,
S. Haino
,
K.C. Han
,
R.K. Hashmani
,
Z.H. He
,
B. Heber
,
T.H. Hsieh
,
J.Y. Hu
,
M. Incagli
,
W.Y. Jang
,
Yi Jia
,
H. Jinchi
,
K. Kanishev
,
B. Khiali
,
G.N. Kim
,
Th. Kirn
,
M. Konyushikhin
,
O. Kounina
,
A. Kounine
,
V. Koutsenko
,
A. Kuhlman
,
A. Kulemzin
,
G. La Vacca
,
E. Laudi
,
G. Laurenti
,
I. Lazzizzera
,
A. Lebedev
,
H.T. Lee
,
S.C. Lee
,
J.Q. Li
,
M. Li
,
Q. Li
,
S. Li
,
J.H. Li
,
Z.H. Li
,
J. Liang
,
C. Light
,
C.H. Lin
,
T. Lippert
,
J.H. Liu
,
Z. Liu
,
S.Q. Lu
,
Y.S. Lu
,
K. Luebelsmeyer
,
J.Z. Luo
,
Xi Luo
,
S.S. Lyu
,
F. Machate
,
C. Mañá
,
J. Marín
,
J. Marquardt
,
T. Martin
,
G. Martínez
,
N. Masi
,
D. Maurin
(2)
,
A. Menchaca-Rocha
,
Q. Meng
,
V.V. Mikhailov
,
D.C. Mo
,
M. Molero
,
P. Mott
,
L. Mussolin
,
J. Negrete
,
N. Nikonov
,
F. Nozzoli
,
A. Oliva
,
M. Orcinha
,
M. Palermo
,
F. Palmonari
,
M. Paniccia
,
A. Pashnin
,
M. Pauluzzi
,
S. Pensotti
,
H.D. Phan
,
R. Piandani
,
V. Plyaskin
,
S. Poluianov
,
X. Qin
,
Z.Y. Qu
,
L. Quadrani
,
P.G. Rancoita
,
D. Rapin
,
A. Reina Conde
,
E. Robyn
,
S. Rosier-Lees
(1)
,
A. Rozhkov
,
D. Rozza
,
R. Sagdeev
,
S. Schael
,
A. Schulz von Dratzig
,
G. Schwering
,
E.S. Seo
,
Z. Shakfa
,
B.S. Shan
,
T. Siedenburg
,
C. Solano
,
J.W. Song
,
X.J. Song
,
R. Sonnabend
,
L. Strigari
,
T. Su
,
Q. Sun
,
Z.T. Sun
,
M. Tacconi
,
X.W. Tang
,
Z.C. Tang
,
J. Tian
,
Samuel C.C. Ting
,
S.M. Ting
,
N. Tomassetti
,
J. Torsti
,
C. Tüysüz
,
T. Urban
,
I. Usoskin
,
V. Vagelli
,
R. Vainio
,
M. Valencia-Otero
,
E. Valente
,
E. Valtonen
,
M. Vázquez Acosta
,
M. Vecchi
,
M. Velasco
,
J.P. Vialle
(1)
,
C.X. Wang
,
L.Q. Wang
,
N.H. Wang
,
Q.L. Wang
,
S. Wang
,
X. Wang
,
Yu Wang
,
Z.M. Wang
,
J. Wei
,
Z.L. Weng
,
H. Wu
,
R.Q. Xiong
,
W. Xu
,
Q. Yan
,
Y. Yang
,
I.I. Yashin
,
H. Yi
,
Y.M. Yu
,
Z.Q. Yu
,
M. Zannoni
,
C. Zhang
,
F.Z. Zhang
,
J.H. Zhang
,
Z. Zhang
,
F. Zhao
,
C. Zheng
,
Z.M. Zheng
,
H.L. Zhuang
,
V. Zhukov
,
A. Zichichi
,
P. Zuccon
M. Aguilar
- Function : Author
L. Ali Cavasonza
- Function : Author
M.S. Allen
- Function : Author
B. Alpat
- Function : Author
G. Ambrosi
- Function : Author
L. Arruda
- Function : Author
N. Attig
- Function : Author
F. Barao
- Function : Author
L. Barrin
- Function : Author
A. Bartoloni
- Function : Author
S. Başeğmez-Du Pree
- Function : Author
R. Battiston
- Function : Author
M. Behlmann
- Function : Author
B. Beranek
- Function : Author
J. Berdugo
- Function : Author
B. Bertucci
- Function : Author
V. Bindi
- Function : Author
K. Bollweg
- Function : Author
B. Borgia
- Function : Author
M.J. Boschini
- Function : Author
M. Bourquin
- Function : Author
E.F. Bueno
- Function : Author
J. Burger
- Function : Author
W.J. Burger
- Function : Author
S. Burmeister
- Function : Author
X.D. Cai
- Function : Author
M. Capell
- Function : Author
J. Casaus
- Function : Author
G. Castellini
- Function : Author
F. Cervelli
- Function : Author
Y.H. Chang
- Function : Author
G.M. Chen
- Function : Author
G.R. Chen
- Function : Author
H.S. Chen
- Function : Author
Y. Chen
- Function : Author
L. Cheng
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 758195
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9394-2392
H.Y. Chou
- Function : Author
S. Chouridou
- Function : Author
V. Choutko
- Function : Author
C.H. Chung
- Function : Author
C. Clark
- Function : Author
C. Consolandi
- Function : Author
A. Contin
- Function : Author
C. Corti
- Function : Author
Z. Cui
- Function : Author
K. Dadzie
- Function : Author
C. Delgado
- Function : Author
S. Della Torre
- Function : Author
M.B. Demirköz
- Function : Author
S. Di Falco
- Function : Author
V. Di Felice
- Function : Author
C. Díaz
- Function : Author
F. Dimiccoli
- Function : Author
P. von Doetinchem
- Function : Author
F. Dong
- Function : Author
F. Donnini
- Function : Author
M. Duranti
- Function : Author
A. Egorov
- Function : Author
A. Eline
- Function : Author
J. Feng
- Function : Author
E. Fiandrini
- Function : Author
P. Fisher
- Function : Author
V. Formato
- Function : Author
C. Freeman
- Function : Author
Y. Galaktionov
- Function : Author
C. Gámez
- Function : Author
R.J. García-López
- Function : Author
C. Gargiulo
- Function : Author
H. Gast
- Function : Author
M. Gervasi
- Function : Author
F. Giovacchini
- Function : Author
D.M. Gómez-Coral
- Function : Author
J. Gong
- Function : Author
V. Grabski
- Function : Author
D. Grandi
- Function : Author
M. Graziani
- Function : Author
S. Haino
- Function : Author
K.C. Han
- Function : Author
R.K. Hashmani
- Function : Author
Z.H. He
- Function : Author
B. Heber
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 760029
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0960-5658
T.H. Hsieh
- Function : Author
J.Y. Hu
- Function : Author
M. Incagli
- Function : Author
W.Y. Jang
- Function : Author
Yi Jia
- Function : Author
H. Jinchi
- Function : Author
K. Kanishev
- Function : Author
B. Khiali
- Function : Author
G.N. Kim
- Function : Author
Th. Kirn
- Function : Author
M. Konyushikhin
- Function : Author
O. Kounina
- Function : Author
A. Kounine
- Function : Author
V. Koutsenko
- Function : Author
A. Kuhlman
- Function : Author
A. Kulemzin
- Function : Author
G. La Vacca
- Function : Author
E. Laudi
- Function : Author
G. Laurenti
- Function : Author
I. Lazzizzera
- Function : Author
A. Lebedev
- Function : Author
H.T. Lee
- Function : Author
S.C. Lee
- Function : Author
J.Q. Li
- Function : Author
M. Li
- Function : Author
Q. Li
- Function : Author
S. Li
- Function : Author
J.H. Li
- Function : Author
Z.H. Li
- Function : Author
J. Liang
- Function : Author
C. Light
- Function : Author
C.H. Lin
- Function : Author
T. Lippert
- Function : Author
J.H. Liu
- Function : Author
Z. Liu
- Function : Author
S.Q. Lu
- Function : Author
Y.S. Lu
- Function : Author
K. Luebelsmeyer
- Function : Author
J.Z. Luo
- Function : Author
Xi Luo
- Function : Author
S.S. Lyu
- Function : Author
F. Machate
- Function : Author
C. Mañá
- Function : Author
J. Marín
- Function : Author
J. Marquardt
- Function : Author
T. Martin
- Function : Author
G. Martínez
- Function : Author
N. Masi
- Function : Author
D. Maurin
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 737395
- IdHAL : david-maurin
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5331-0606
A. Menchaca-Rocha
- Function : Author
Q. Meng
- Function : Author
V.V. Mikhailov
- Function : Author
D.C. Mo
- Function : Author
M. Molero
- Function : Author
P. Mott
- Function : Author
L. Mussolin
- Function : Author
J. Negrete
- Function : Author
N. Nikonov
- Function : Author
F. Nozzoli
- Function : Author
A. Oliva
- Function : Author
M. Orcinha
- Function : Author
M. Palermo
- Function : Author
F. Palmonari
- Function : Author
M. Paniccia
- Function : Author
A. Pashnin
- Function : Author
M. Pauluzzi
- Function : Author
S. Pensotti
- Function : Author
H.D. Phan
- Function : Author
R. Piandani
- Function : Author
V. Plyaskin
- Function : Author
S. Poluianov
- Function : Author
X. Qin
- Function : Author
Z.Y. Qu
- Function : Author
L. Quadrani
- Function : Author
P.G. Rancoita
- Function : Author
D. Rapin
- Function : Author
A. Reina Conde
- Function : Author
E. Robyn
- Function : Author
A. Rozhkov
- Function : Author
D. Rozza
- Function : Author
R. Sagdeev
- Function : Author
S. Schael
- Function : Author
A. Schulz von Dratzig
- Function : Author
G. Schwering
- Function : Author
E.S. Seo
- Function : Author
Z. Shakfa
- Function : Author
B.S. Shan
- Function : Author
T. Siedenburg
- Function : Author
C. Solano
- Function : Author
J.W. Song
- Function : Author
X.J. Song
- Function : Author
R. Sonnabend
- Function : Author
L. Strigari
- Function : Author
T. Su
- Function : Author
Q. Sun
- Function : Author
Z.T. Sun
- Function : Author
M. Tacconi
- Function : Author
X.W. Tang
- Function : Author
Z.C. Tang
- Function : Author
J. Tian
- Function : Author
Samuel C.C. Ting
- Function : Author
S.M. Ting
- Function : Author
N. Tomassetti
- Function : Author
J. Torsti
- Function : Author
C. Tüysüz
- Function : Author
T. Urban
- Function : Author
I. Usoskin
- Function : Author
V. Vagelli
- Function : Author
R. Vainio
- Function : Author
M. Valencia-Otero
- Function : Author
E. Valente
- Function : Author
E. Valtonen
- Function : Author
M. Vázquez Acosta
- Function : Author
M. Vecchi
- Function : Author
M. Velasco
- Function : Author
C.X. Wang
- Function : Author
L.Q. Wang
- Function : Author
N.H. Wang
- Function : Author
Q.L. Wang
- Function : Author
S. Wang
- Function : Author
X. Wang
- Function : Author
Yu Wang
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 755105
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4116-0364
Z.M. Wang
- Function : Author
J. Wei
- Function : Author
Z.L. Weng
- Function : Author
H. Wu
- Function : Author
R.Q. Xiong
- Function : Author
W. Xu
- Function : Author
Q. Yan
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1262806
- IdHAL : qi-yan
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6725-5399
Y. Yang
- Function : Author
I.I. Yashin
- Function : Author
H. Yi
- Function : Author
Y.M. Yu
- Function : Author
Z.Q. Yu
- Function : Author
M. Zannoni
- Function : Author
C. Zhang
- Function : Author
F.Z. Zhang
- Function : Author
J.H. Zhang
- Function : Author
Z. Zhang
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 785434
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1558-4948
F. Zhao
- Function : Author
C. Zheng
- Function : Author
Z.M. Zheng
- Function : Author
H.L. Zhuang
- Function : Author
V. Zhukov
- Function : Author
A. Zichichi
- Function : Author
P. Zuccon
- Function : Author
Abstract
Precise knowledge of the charge and rigidity dependence of the secondary cosmic ray fluxes and the secondary-to-primary flux ratios is essential in the understanding of cosmic ray propagation. We report the properties of heavy secondary cosmic ray fluorine F in the rigidity $R$ range 2.15 GV to 2.9 TV based on 0.29 million events collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. The fluorine spectrum deviates from a single power law above 200 GV. The heavier secondary-to-primary F/Si flux ratio rigidity dependence is distinctly different from the lighter B/O (or B/C) rigidity dependence. In particular, above 10 GV, the $^{\textrm{F/Si}}_{\textrm{B/O}}$ ratio can be described by a power law $R^δ$ with $δ=0.052±0.007$. This shows that the propagation properties of heavy cosmic rays, from F to Si, are different from those of light cosmic rays, from He to O, and that the secondary cosmic rays have two classes.