“Post-prognosis decision making”, “reliability-adaptive smart systems”, “RUL control algorithms”, “load sharing and deterioration management”, all these subjects develop a new vision on how to use monitoring information on a deteriorating system to optimally operate it beyond “classical” condition-based or predictive maintenance. The objective of this presentation is to give some insights on how monitoring information on deteriorating system can be used to jointly make decision on maintenance & operation to better manage systems’ health, considered either individually or as part of fleet. We explore the complete processing chain for a system, from deterioration monitoring and health status assessment, to remaining useful life estimation (RUL), right through to online decision-making for predictive maintenance optimization and remaining useful life control and health & deterioration management, using e.g. system "derating", load sharing or system reconfiguration.The presentation overviews some recent results, but it focuses more on open problems and challenges ahead than worked-out solutions.