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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2018

How does agropastoral management affect wind erosion in Sahelian croplands?

Résumé

Climate change and demographic growth raisemajor concerns about the ability of Sahelian crop yields to support the local population.Ii is known that agropastoral practices affectwind erosion (e.g., through crop residue management and tillage), which itself can substantially affects soil fertility and thus crop production. Thus, weneed to estimatethe potentialimpacton wind erosion of the main Sahelian cropping practiceslike sowing, manuring, and crop residue management. We used a modelingapproach adapted to an experimental site located in southwestern Niger over a 7-year period(2006–2012).We definedscenarios that describe a set ofagropastoral practicesto simulate and comparethe impacts of these practices on wind erosion. As a result,horizontal fluxesdiffer by a factor of 10 among scenarios, with annual horizontal fluxes ranging from 121 to 1,317 kg m-1. The simulatedwind erosion is mostsensitive to the mass of crop residues in the late dry season, but different practices dealing either with crop growth or with crop residue managementmay result in fluxes of the similar magnitude. It isalso noted that the collection of the crop residues after grain harvest increases wind erosion. Grazingmight have mixed effects, probably further mediated by the mobility of livestock as a response to forage availability. The seasonal dynamicsof the monthly cumulated horizontalfluxes vary depending on practice,butthe annual cumulated horizontal fluxes are closely correlatedwith meteorological conditions such as wind speed and rainfall in the previous year.
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Dates et versions

hal-03118019 , version 1 (12-10-2023)

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  • HAL Id : hal-03118019 , version 1

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Caroline Pierre, Laurent Kergoat, Pierre Hiernaux, Christian Baron, Gilles Bergametti, et al.. How does agropastoral management affect wind erosion in Sahelian croplands?. International Conference on eolian research 2018, Jun 2018, Bordeaux, France. ⟨hal-03118019⟩
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