Article Dans Une Revue Archives of Toxicology Année : 2020

Prospects and challenges of multi-omics data integration in toxicology

Résumé

Exposure of cells or organisms to chemicals can trigger a series of effects at the regulatory pathway level, which involve changes of levels, interactions, and feedback loops of biomolecules of different types. A single-omics technique, e.g., transcriptomics, will detect biomolecules of one type and thus can only capture changes in a small subset of the biological cascade. Therefore, although applying single-omics analyses can lead to the identification of biomarkers for certain exposures, they cannot provide a systemic understanding of toxicity pathways or adverse outcome pathways. Integration of multiple omics data sets promises a substantial improvement in detecting this pathway response to a toxicant, by an increase of information as such and especially by a systemic understanding. Here, we report the findings of a thorough evaluation of the prospects and challenges of multi-omics data integration in toxicological research. We review the availability of such data, discuss options for experimental design, evaluate methods for integration and analysis of multi-omics data, discuss best practices, and identify knowledge gaps. Re-analyzing published data, we demonstrate that multi-omics data integration can considerably improve the confidence in detecting a pathway response. Finally, we argue that more data need to be generated from studies with a multi-omics-focused design, to define which omics layers contribute most to the identification of a pathway response to a toxicant.

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hal-03032487 , version 1 (30-11-2020)

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Sebastian Canzler, Jana Schor, Wibke Busch, Kristin Schubert, Ulrike E Rolle-Kampczyk, et al.. Prospects and challenges of multi-omics data integration in toxicology. Archives of Toxicology, 2020, 94, pp.371 - 388. ⟨10.1007/s00204-020-02656-y⟩. ⟨hal-03032487⟩
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