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Article Dans Une Revue Scientific Reports Année : 2019

Metabolomic and lipidomic plasma profile changes in human participants ascending to Everest Base Camp

Résumé

At high altitude oxygen delivery to the tissues is impaired leading to oxygen insufficiency (hypoxia). Acclimatisation requires adjustment to tissue metabolism, the details of which remain incompletely understood. Here, metabolic responses to progressive environmental hypoxia were assessed through metabolomic and lipidomic profiling of human plasma taken from 198 human participants before and during an ascent to Everest Base Camp (5,300 m). Aqueous and lipid fractions of plasma were separated and analysed using proton (1 H)-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and direct infusion mass spectrometry, respectively. Bayesian robust hierarchical regression revealed decreasing isoleucine with ascent alongside increasing lactate and decreasing glucose, which may point towards increased glycolytic rate. Changes in the lipid profile with ascent included a decrease in triglycerides (48-50 carbons) associated with de novo lipogenesis, alongside increases in circulating levels of the most abundant free fatty acids (palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids). Together, this may be indicative of fat store mobilisation. This study provides the first broad metabolomic account of progressive exposure to environmental hypobaric hypoxia in healthy humans. Decreased isoleucine is of particular interest as a potential contributor to muscle catabolism observed with exposure to hypoxia at altitude. Substantial changes in lipid metabolism may represent important metabolic responses to sub-acute exposure to environmental hypoxia. Reduced cellular oxygen availability (hypoxia) is a feature of many disease states. Oxygen delivery may be globally impaired by diseases of the heart or lung, or by anaemia (in which the concentration of oxygen-carrying haemoglobin is reduced); or regionally or locally impaired by macrovascular and microvascular disease respectively 1,2. Diffusion of oxygen in the lungs and/or tissues may be impaired through accumulation of parenchymal fluid and/
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hal-03027616 , version 1 (27-11-2020)

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Katie A O’brien, Robert Andrew Atkinson, Larissa Richardson, Albert Koulman, Andrew J Murray, et al.. Metabolomic and lipidomic plasma profile changes in human participants ascending to Everest Base Camp. Scientific Reports, 2019, 9 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41598-019-38832-z⟩. ⟨hal-03027616⟩
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