Aqueous mineral suspensions and pastes are greatly used in industry and waste treatment processes. But unfortunately due to their inherent complexity (numerous parameters to consider and non-linearity of temporal behaviour), their physicochemical stability, controlled by their dispersion state, is difficult to predict. A way to have a better understanding of these systems is to apprehend stability by studying settling behaviour of suspensions in function of solid concentration and interparticle interactions. To this purpose, previous works on settling optical analysis were used in addition to rheological approach, to determine in some mineral systems, a suspension typology in function of solid mass fraction and predominant particle interaction. In order to generalize this work to various mineral aqueous suspensions, a modelling study is proposed in this paper. The aim of this work is to predict the stability of mineral suspensions based on a specific index: phase separation index (PSI) previously established using 10 discriminating parameters currently measured in industrial and academic areas. Because of their well-known ability to model non-linear processes, a neural networks-based procedure was used to classify the settling behaviour in four classes: diluted, concentrated (cohesive and non cohesive) and solid suspension. The method was proved to be very efficient, delivering 100% of good classification on various sets of test sets up to 60% of the database allowing thus to predict the suspension stability for applications such as inks, paints, cosmetics. In this research, the predominant influence of mass fraction parameter was showed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.