More than smell. COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis
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Valentina Parma
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801931
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0276-7072
Kathrin Ohla
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801989
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7265-0449
Alyssa J Bakke
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801930
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1685-2000
Keiland W Cooper
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801928
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0358-9645
Cédric Bouysset
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 800278
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7814-8158
Veronica Pereda-Loth
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 765275
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7365-6217
Richard C Gerkin
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801990
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2940-3378
Michael C Farruggia
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801927
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5306-6754
Alexander W Fjaeldstad
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801991
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9135-6920
Moustafa Bensafi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 741755
- IdHAL : moustafa-bensafi
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2991-3036
- IdRef : 060964766
Thierry Thomas-Danguin
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 736418
- IdHAL : thierry-thomas-danguin
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9756-355X
- IdRef : 167124501
Luis R Saraiva
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801992
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4079-0396
Cailu Lin
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801993
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8909-7758
Sébastien Fiorucci
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 184057
- IdHAL : sebastien-fiorucci
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2245-0478
- IdRef : 110498488
Jérôme Golebiowski
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 767896
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3675-1952
Eugeni Roura
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 779973
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9073-9946
Camille Ferdenzi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 179907
- IdHAL : camille-ferdenzi
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5572-0361
- IdRef : 117308757
Alberto Macchi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 769690
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3529-8981
Alexia Nunez-Parra
- Function : Author
Carl M Philpott
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801995
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1125-3236
Barry Smith
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 756044
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8345-7633
Jonas K Olofsson
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 800476
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0856-0569
Noam Karni
- Function : Author
Rafieh Alizadeh
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 801996
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3132-9904
Forschungszentrum Jülich
- Function : Author
Gccr Group
- Function : Author
Danielle R. Reed
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 805357
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4374-6107
Thomas Hummel
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 756572
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9713-0183
- IdRef : 112135234
Abstract
Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation and initial results of a multi-lingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in three distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, 8 other, ages 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/-100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- SD), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell, but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Origin : Files produced by the author(s)
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