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Poster De Conférence Année : 2019

Effects of ionizing radiation on learning and spatial memory after postnatal mouse brain exposure at low to moderate doses

Résumé

Computed tomography scan is the most commonly used medical diagnostic procedure for head exploration in children. Long-term effects of brain exposure, at low to moderate doses (≤ 2 Gy) of ionizing radiation on cognitive functions, such as learning and memory process, are not well established in humans and are a scientist issue of importance. The relationship between dose and biological impact is not necessary linear contrary to observation made at higher doses (>2Gy). Doses range studies are essential for a better understanding of this low to moderate dose effects. Among brain structures, hippocampus has a major role in memory process. New neurons continuously generated in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus during postnatal and adult life play an important role in several “hippocampal-dependents “forms of memory. The aim of our project is to study the impact of postnatal irradiation (doses range: 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2Gy) on learning and spatial memory, and the processes of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Two types of exposure were realized: whole-brain exposure and targeted exposure of the dorsal dentate gyrus. Irradiations were performed on ten-day-old mice. Spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed three months after exposure using a massed water-maze behavioral task. Results suggest that spatial learning is not altered by irradiation in both models of exposure and for each irradiation dose. However, some groups (for 2Gy in both models and 0.25Gy for whole brain exposure) seem to learn faster compare to the control group. Long term spatial memory is impacted only after 1Gy exposure at the dorsal dentate gyrus level. Thus, nonlinear dose effects on memory process after targeted irradiation is observed. Currently, immunochemistry are performed to quantify the different cells type of the neurogenesis process, to try to explain the cognitive impairment observed after targeted irradiation at 1 Gy. This work will improve our understanding of how low-to-moderate doses of irradiation impact the brain and will bring scientific clues for the children's radioprotection program.
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hal-02507246 , version 1 (12-03-2020)

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  • HAL Id : hal-02507246 , version 1

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Celine Serrano, Morgane dos Santos, Dimitri Kereselidze, Philippe Lestaevel, Roseline Poirier, et al.. Effects of ionizing radiation on learning and spatial memory after postnatal mouse brain exposure at low to moderate doses. NeuroFrance2019, FENS, May 2019, MARSEILLE, France. 2019. ⟨hal-02507246⟩
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