Women and Money Management: Problematising Working-class Subjectivities in French Television Programmes During and after the Post-war Boom
Tenir sa maison, tenir ses comptes : les habitantes des HLM dans la télévision française des trente glorieuses
Résumé
This article looks at French television during and after the post-war period to ex-
plore the relationships that programmes systematically established between ho-
me-making in social housing, housekeeping money management and women. It
sheds light on the gendered dimensions of thrift and dwelling. French 1960’s Tele-
vision reflected a range of urban transformations characteristic of the period: the
development of high-rise estates, social housing, shopping centers. How should
people inhabit these new environnements, new structures of dwelling and new
services in order to keep up with regular household expenses such as paying rent,
utility bills, buying food or covering child rearing costs?
Since the 19th century, women had generally managed household budgets as
part of the everyday domestic cultures. These heavy financial responsibilities were
relayed by televised documentaries prompting questions about the types of in/
appropriate activities and attitudes, knowledges and expertises shown on main-
stream TV at the time. Television was constantly problematizing working-class
subjectivities through women’s voice. On the one hand, television reports showed
women always counting the money and thrifting in order to control the house-
hold comsumption and to avoid debts. In the documentaries I analyse, the women
describe in detail their economic problems and moral economies they are condi-
tioned to operate within. On the other hand, TV programmes were replete with
the specialist home economics tips that were meant to spread normative represen-
tations of dwelling in order to educate housewives.
Women’s activities are tied to the welfare state which is revealed in all its com-
plexity, controlling with one hand the rationalisation of domestic budgets and
practices, and, with the other, improving living conditions and protecting indivi-
duals against vulnerabilities.