Iron Age Fortifications in France
Résumé
This article provides an overview of the principal architectural models of fortification styles known in France across the span of
the Iron Age, from the eighth to the first century BC. In southern France, conforming to Mediterranean styles, walls were built
of stone or of unfired clay brick. Contrastingly, in temperate France, they were most usually constructed with a timber frame,
infilled with earth, and sometimes incorporating a dry-stone external face. The history of their research will be considered from
initial nineteenth century work through to recent developments in rescue archaeology. Thereafter, the key characteristics of
the architecture of these fortifications will be considered using numerous French examples, notably from recent excavations.
Finally, the question of their function will be considered. What can now be said about the murus gallicus style of construction or
of the huge dump banks which are known from mid-first-century BC central Gaul? For these, it remains essential to consider
them alongside Caesar’s de Bello gallico, which allows connections to be made between the architecture of these fortifications and
the history of Gaul.
Domaines
Archéologie et Préhistoire
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