A guide to LIGO–Virgo detector noise and extraction of transient gravitational-wave signals
2 LAL - Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire
3 APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
4 LAPP - Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules
5 ARTEMIS - Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux
6 FOTON - Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON
7 LKB [Collège de France] - Laboratoire Kastler Brossel
8 UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
9 ESPCI Paris - Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris
10 IHES - Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques
11 IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon
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Abstract
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration have cataloged eleven confidently detected gravitational-wave events during the first two observing runs of the advanced detector era. All eleven events were consistent with being from well-modeled mergers between compact stellar-mass objects: black holes or neutron stars. The data around the time of each of these events have been made publicly available through the gravitational-wave open science center. The entirety of the gravitational-wave strain data from the first and second observing runs have also now been made publicly available. There is considerable interest among the broad scientific community in understanding the data and methods used in the analyses. In this paper, we provide an overview of the detector noise properties and the data analysis techniques used to detect gravitational-wave signals and infer the source properties. We describe some of the checks that are performed to validate the analyses and results from the observations of gravitational-wave events. We also address concerns that have been raised about various properties of LIGO–Virgo detector noise and the correctness of our analyses as applied to the resulting data.
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