Chalcogenides photonic integrated circuits for near- and mid-infrared applications
Résumé
Chalcogenide glasses are an important class of amorphous semiconductors that contain at least one of the chalcogen elements from group 6a of the periodic table (S, Se and Te but excluding oxygen) as major constituent. These elements are covalently bonded to network formers such as As, Ge, Sb, Ga, Si or P. The unique optical properties of these glasses are motivating intense research towards the development of a wide range of photonic applications. In particular, all-optical signal processing in near-infrared (IR) telecommunications window is taking advantage of their high optical nonlinearities. These glasses also exhibit low maximum phonon energies (values range from 350-425 cm-1 for sulphide, 250-300 cm-1 for selenide and 150-200 cm-1 for telluride) which yields a broad transparency in the mid-IR, independently of the exact glass composition. MidIR trace molecules sensing platforms could therefore also benefit from the development of these materials. For both applications (telecommunication and sensing), the current trend is directed toward minimizing device footprints and cost by implementing integrated optical components.
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