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Article Dans Une Revue Solar Physics Année : 2015

Families of Granules, Flows, and Acoustic Events in the Solar Atmosphere from Hinode Observations

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We investigate the relationship between trees of fragmenting granules (TFG), horizontal and vertical flows, and acoustic events (AE) in the photospheric network. AE are spatially concentrated and short-duration locations of acoustic energy flux. We performed observations at disk center of a 2D field of view (FOV) with high spatial and temporal resolutions provided by the Solar Optical Telescope onboard Hinode. Line profiles of Fe i 557.6 nm were recorded by the Narrow-band Filter Imager on an 80″×36″ FOV during five hours with a cadence of 22 seconds and 0.08″ pixel size. Vertical velocities were derived at two atmospheric levels allowing the determination of the energy flux at the acoustic frequency of 3.3 mHz. Families of granules and horizontal velocities were obtained from local correlation tracking (LCT) after segmentation and labeling of either continuum intensities or granular Doppler shifts. AE exhibit durations in the range 0.25 to 1 hour compatible with the lifetime of families (80 % do not last more than two hours). High-energy AE have the shortest lifetimes. We found that most AE occur in intergranular lanes located in or close to the boundaries between different families (called inter families) in regions with predominantly downward vertical motions and horizontal converging flows. In contrast, diverging flows are observed inside families, with a few AE in the intergranules. At the beginning of the sequence, when families are not yet detected, the distribution of AE is not uniform and is already organized at spatial lengths related to the mesogranular scale, with maximum contribution in the range 5″ to 10″, fully compatible with the scale of the maximum contribution of families in the TFG space. Although all sizes and durations seem to exist for families, their number decreases with increasing size and lifetime.
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J.-M. Malherbe, T. Roudier, Z. Frank, M. Rieutord. Families of Granules, Flows, and Acoustic Events in the Solar Atmosphere from Hinode Observations. Solar Physics, 2015, 290 (2), pp.321-333. ⟨10.1007/s11207-014-0630-7⟩. ⟨hal-02178075⟩
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