A general purpose LES Model for Atomization
Un modèle LES d'atomisation à usage général
Résumé
Several approaches have been used to simulate liquid jet atomization phenomena. Usually a modeling strategy is assumed for liquid jet morphology, interface capturing methods are used for primary atomization while dispersed methods such as Lagrangian particle-tracking approach may be used to model the final spray. Despite recent developments in numerical methods and computer performance, complete simulation of atomization and spray remains inaccessible for practical applications (e.g. Diesel/Gasoline injectors, Feedstock atomization on FCC riser reactors, among others). Therefore, an enhanced Euler-Lagrange Spray Atomization (ELSA) approach to the well-established LES turbulence model merged with an interface density equation for subgrid scales is introduced. Moreover, the method has been adapted for unstructured mesh within OpenFOAM framework. Furthermore, a coupling with Lagrangian particle tracking has been performed. Several validation stages are being tested by comparing experimental data (i.e. ECN Spray injectors) and DNS results against the proposed model. Finally, an industrial application case using a FCC injector® demonstrates the suitability of this novel model, based on good quantitative and qualitative agreement with experiments and DNS simulations. Introduction Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is a process where the crude oil is transformed into Gasoline, olefins and distillates. In this process, the liquid oil feed is atomized through a set of injectors connected circumferentially to a riser. Moreover, the oil droplets are vaporized and cracked within the riser upon contacting hot gases and catalyst, respectively [1]. The main goal in an injector design is to produce small size droplets in order to ensure quick vaporization and intimate contact with the catalyst [2].
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