From Being Libraries to Becoming the “Switchmen ” of Scholarship in the Digital Age
Résumé
« Beaming Up » academic libraries in the future is a stimulating intellectual activity, allowing us to take a step back and see the host of evolutions that these lasting institutions have been experiencing. The main lines of a credible future scenario can then emerge. Within the academic world, to which they belong, libraries have witnessed-and often participated in-the changes that have occurred in recent scientific communication events (subscribing to Big Deals, supporting Open Access, developing institutional repositories, helping to manage research data, etc.) and/or been part of pedagogical innovations (developing Learning Centers, creating MOOCs, providing pedagogical support in classrooms, helping students to build their information literacy, etc.). The scope of these libraries has therefore been transformed, going from an established role to a wide range of functions. These important changes-and the economic implications that go with such changes-have their roots in the digital age and the Web. But the academic communities' practices, usages and behaviors also contribute greatly in structuring the new scholarly world. The ways in which these behaviors are evolving make us question the current role of libraries. At the same time, the dynamics inherent to these scholarly practices have opened up niche markets, themselves operated by new Web and media stakeholders-often Start-ups-which play the role of intermediaries (Google, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Mendeley, ScienceOpen, or also Kudos for instance). These new intermediaries make up the news of the academic world. They have seeped into the modalities that shape the (collaborative and participatory) creation of scientific publications and pedagogical knowledge as well as its production (complex and multi-modal products), its dissemination (various business models: Gold, Platinum, Freemium) and, finally, its valorization (Altmetrics). Innovation, which has 1-Or « Pointsmen », as you like it!
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