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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2018

The D&D of Nuclear Facilities: A Systemic Approach for Project Organization and Monitoring.

Résumé

The Decommissioning and Dismantling (D&D) of Nuclear Facilities is changing. Facing the increasing number of end-of-life facilities and the need to anticipate and ensure safety at any time, decision makers adopt a new industrial strategy. They focus on the process optimization and reproducibility to reduce costs and lead times of the projects which are both in progress or planned. The digitizing of the nuclear field, already started, has permitted a lot of technological improvements. For instance, mechatronics limit human attendance and exposure in radioactive cells, and computer science tools simplify data, knowledge and project management, especially thanks to feedback. Nevertheless, data associated to each nuclear facility are numerous, various, and are difficult to be coordinated and shared. The lifecycle of a nuclear facility is often very long with sometimes numerous configurations during the operation phase. Then data quality may decrease, mainly due to successive interpretations and the lack of traceability. In addition, the uncertainty of the data is significant because raw data may be incomplete and uncertainty rate is not always specified and explained. Data availability is not always assured. Some data are difficult to interpret, not digitized, untraced… Therefore, these issues make it difficult to develop complete and reliable digital mockups despite the use of some new technologies such as BIM (Building Information Modeling). Another strong issue comes from the main stakeholders' needs especially from those who are responsible for nuclear facilities during the main phases : design and construction, operation, decommissioning. Indeed, they do not have the same goals and missions, then they don't have the same requirements. While builders have a strong need for accurate devices' geometric informations, operators will need to know a lot more about the processes : power, flow rates, inputs, outputs, capacity… At last dismantlers need to have a detailed follow-up concerning the incidents and maintenance operations that occurred during the whole life of the facility : date of operation, objects concerned, details about changes… On the other hand they don't need for instance the same level of detail about geometric informations as builders. Thus it's not an easy task to monitor the design and operation data which are useful for the decommissioning. Finally the interoperability of processes, tools, and data is not guaranteed within the extended enterprise of the D&D. That's why it's important to adopt new methods at first to formalize and specified the whole set of requirements relevant to the field of D&D, then to structure its various components, and finally to ensure the coordination of its stakeholders. The aim is to guarantee the efficiency and the relevance of the solutions implemented, and meanwhile to facilitate and anticipate their evolution with regard to the new acquired knowledge. It's especially important to define the right type of raw data to be collected and traced for decommissioning projects. This is the purpose of a project carried out in France at the CEA (Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives). The CEA retained systemics as a support for the design and implementation of a method for the organization and monitoring of D&D projects. The systemic approach makes it possible to build a formalized representation of D&D into a set of coherent and consistent views : functional, physical, operational... These views build the D&D meta-model thanks to one or more Domain Specific Languages (DSL) which have to be ergonomic, shared, and understandable by the stakeholders concerned. Finally, the D&D meta-model will provide a framework for the design, implementation and maintenance of the D&D information system which is necessary for the overall control of D&D projects. The D&D meta-model then includes a dedicated ontological view which corresponds to the data governance model. It has to ensure the cross-knowledge management throughout the D&D extended enterprise. One objective for the method is to guarantee the quality of the desired end state of decommissioning. Waste management is an issue because it depends on strategic choices and operational decisions during decommissioning projects and before. The meta-model makes it possible to define in detail the constraints relating to each type of waste to be taken into account. These constraints are of different types : technical, logistical, regulatory, financial, organizational, human, safety and security, ethical, environmental… Knowledge management then allows to target and evaluate the relevant variables (life of waste, radioactivity, toxicity…) depending on these constraints. The method will then enable the evaluation of the various possible solutions for the management of the decommissioning products : conventional outlets (disposal, interim storage), reprocessing, transmutation. Finally it would allow a constant evaluation of strategy according to the involved requirements.
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Dates et versions

hal-01930261 , version 1 (21-11-2018)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01930261 , version 1

Citer

Maxence Lafon, Vincent Chapurlat, Jean-François Milot, Cyril Moitrier. The D&D of Nuclear Facilities: A Systemic Approach for Project Organization and Monitoring.. Waste Management Symposia 2018, Mar 2018, Phoenix, Arizona, United States. ⟨hal-01930261⟩
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