The catalyst immobilization in a liquid phase represents an attractive means to preserve high activities and selectivities, also permitting an easy recycling. To attain this goal, organic products should be extracted in a simple way from the catalytic phase leading to metal-free target compounds; for this reason, ionic liquids exhibiting high affinity for metallic species and low affinity for low polar compounds, turn into a promising medium, in particular for the synthesis of fine chemicals. In the present Accounts, we illustrate this approach through our research involving both molecular organometallic compounds and metallic nanoparticles dispersed in an ionic liquid phase.