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Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization Année : 2018

Stereotypes, underconfidence and decision-making with an application to gender and math

Résumé

We study the effects of the presence of a negative stereotype on the formation of self-confidence and on decision-making in achievement-related situations. We take into account not only consumption utility but also psychological utility (ex-ante ego utility and ex-post disappointment/elation). We show that any stereotype of lower ability (in the form of biased interpretation of success and failure in terms of ability) leads to gaps in confidence, in participation in risky/ambitious options and in performance. Furthermore, we show how the stereotype survives and even gets reinforced. Considering gender and mathematics, we are able to explain the lower self-confidence of girls in mathematics, their underrepresentation in STEM fields, as well as their choices of less ambitious options and lower performance.
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Dates et versions

hal-01872429 , version 1 (12-09-2018)

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Elyes Jouini, Paul Karehnke, Clotilde Napp. Stereotypes, underconfidence and decision-making with an application to gender and math. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2018, 148, ⟨10.1016/j.jebo.2018.02.002⟩. ⟨hal-01872429⟩
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