Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2017

Sociotechnical system analysis of weeding, key step for designing agro-ecological systems at the watershed scale

Résumé

In Martinique (French West Indies) there is high pesticide pressure because of monoculture with high demand of farm inputs, linked to tropical conditions suitable to the growth of pathogens and weeds. This pressure cause high river pollution, in particular herbicides pollution which are the most used pesticides on this island. Thus, it is urgent to decrease the uses of herbicides at the watershed scale. Our work proposes a participatory methodology to design innovative agri- cultural systems decreasing herbicide pressure on the river. The watershed scale is a coherent level for actions reducing river pollution because of the integration of continuous hydrologic flows. However, watersheds, such as our study site, usually hold a high diversity of farms and cropping systems that are integrated into social, economic and environmental contexts. This is the reason why our question is how making a participatory process suited for designing inno- vative agricultural systems onto a heterogeneous territory, for a com on purpose of reducing herbicides uses? We conducted an in depth analysis of the sociotechnical system of agricul- ture in Martinique, to highlight brakes and levers of innovations at the institutional level, and the different innovation strategies of actors. Locks of the dominant regime explained why we are currently in a weak agroecological modernisation process of agriculture, focused on the maximal efficiency of farms inputs and the reduction of negative impacts, instead of redesign- ing agricultural systems (diversification, mixed cropping, agroforestry ...). The analysis of the sociotechnical system allowed us to understand the mechanisms at different levels (markets in-stitutions and regulations, agrofood chains, local networks, farmers knowledge and information services...) that lock the system against radical innovation. We also showed the mechanisms of how innovation niches, from plot to regional institutions, can influence the dominant regime. This first step of our work allowed us to identify the main brakes to be reduced, the sources of local solutions for reducing herbicides and to choose pertinent actors for our participatory process. These results will be used to design together agricultural systems that are adapted to the socioeconomic context of our watershed.
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Dates et versions

hal-01833618 , version 1 (02-06-2020)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01833618 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 435263

Citer

Pauline Della Rossa, Charles Mottes, Marianne Le Bail, Philippe Cattan, Magalie Jannoyer. Sociotechnical system analysis of weeding, key step for designing agro-ecological systems at the watershed scale. Tropentag 2017: Future Agriculture: Social-ecological transitions and bio-cultural shift, Agroecology Europe., Sep 2017, Bonn, Germany. pp.198. ⟨hal-01833618⟩
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