Spatial descriptions, with or without motion, are the main issues addressed by this paper. We describe construction grammars implemented in the PERDIDO platform with cascaded finite-state transducers which aims at marking and formalizing relations between extended named entities, geographical terms, spatial relations and motion verbs. These grammars can be seen as a computational synthesis of the work on the expression of space and motion in natural language. The proposed method for geographical information extraction has been tested for three different projects within the digital humanities using specific corpora. The first task deals with the extraction of place names from French novels, the second task deals with the extraction of motion events from hiking descriptions written in Romance languages (French, Spanish and Italian) and the third task aims at identifying fictive motion expressions in English alpine journals.