The impact of optimized diet patterns at a macro-level: the case of Tunisia
Résumé
Mediterranean countries have lost their traditional dietary patterns and face emerged diseases linked to a non-balanced diet associated to excessive energy consumption. Tunisia is confronted to the triple burden linked to the coexistence of undernourishment (reduced to 5% but still remaining), nutrient deficiencies and obesity. Nutritional transition was largely influenced by the food subsidy system. Food security was insured by Tunisian social policies based on direct subventions to families and indirect ones by lowering the prices of essential food products (wheat, milk, seed oils, sugar and tomato paste). In this context, we consider the following questions: (i) Do domestic food availabilities in Tunisia able enough to comply with the nutritional needs of the population? (ii) If Tunisian people decided to comply with the WHO nutritional recommendations what would be the impact on the Tunisian supply and demand?
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