The fight against IUU fishing and State responsibility
La lutte contre la pêche INN et la responsabilité des Etats
Résumé
The fight against IUU fishing (for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing) is a
key topic in fisheries management. This expression is generally understood as
corresponding to very serious infringements endangering fisheries resources and is
now used in legal instruments. However, the juxtaposition of the three terms illegal,
unreported and unregulated is somehow strange.
The purpose of this paper is firstly to show how this expression was forged in a
Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (the CCAMLR), without any legal
meaning at its beginning. In a second chapter, it is described how it has evolved with
such a meaning, including a definition set out in an FAO Action Plan and considered
as generally accepted; this definition has however a narrower scope, compared to
its original use. Finally, the third chapter gives examples of actions against IUU
fishing by States (The European Union on behalf of its Member States and the
United-States of America).
The fight against IUU fishing and State responsibility The fight against IUU fishing (for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing) is a key topic in fisheries management. This expression is generally understood as corresponding to very serious infringements endangering fisheries resources and is now used in legal instruments. However, the juxtaposition of the three terms illegal, unreported and unregulated is somehow strange. The purpose of this paper is firstly to show how this expression was forged in a Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (the CCAMLR), without any legal meaning at its beginning. In a second chapter, it is described how it has evolved with such a meaning, including a definition set out in an FAO Action Plan and considered as generally accepted; this definition has however a narrower scope, compared to its original use. Finally, the third chapter gives examples of actions against IUU fishing by States (The European Union on behalf of its Member States and the United-States of America). Résumé : La lutte contre la pêche INN (pour pêche illicite, non déclarée et non réglementée) est un sujet clé dans la gestion des pêches. Cette expression est généralement comprise comme correspondant à des infractions très graves mettant en danger les ressources halieutiques et est maintenant utilisée dans les instruments juridiques. Cependant, la juxtaposition des trois termes illégale, non déclarée, non réglementée est quelque peu étrange. Le but de cette contribution est d'abord de montrer comment cette expression a été forgée dans une organisation régionale de gestion des pêches (la CCAMLR), sans aucune signification juridique à l'origine. Dans un deuxième temps, il est décrit comment cette notion a évolué, y compris avec une définition figurant dans un plan d'action de la FAO et considérée comme généralement acceptée ; cette définition a cependant une portée plus restreinte par rapport à l'utilisation initiale. Enfin, le troisième chapitre donne des exemples d'actions contre la pêche INN par les États, (l'Union européenne, au nom de ses États membres et les USA).
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