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Pré-Publication, Document De Travail Année : 2016

Persons with Disabilities in Rakhine State, Myanmar, a Needs Assessment Study

Situation des personnes en situation de handicap dans le Rakhine State, Myanmar

Julien Zwang
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

A needs assessment study was conducted including the participation of over 400 persons in three districts of Rakhine State, Myanmar. The study was composed of a representative quantitative survey of 334 persons with disabilities, and a qualitative study including eight focus group discussions and 20 key informant in-depth interviews. Persons with disabilities were identified through snowball sampling stratified by age and sex using a reference population with disabilities. No study had ever been conducted on people with disabilities in this State. A majority (55%) of the respondents had a severe disability (could ‘not do at all’) and 99% ‘had a lot of difficulties’ to do at least one of the six categories of the Washington Group short set of questions to assess the type and the severity of the disability. The most frequent severe functional impairment was mobility (36% of the respondents). Higher psychological distress scores were detected in respondents under 50 years old, from Sittwe and having no access to bathroom facilities. Despite a primary health service coverage of 69%, the proportion of persons with disabilities who reported unmet needs in medical services was 75% (95%CI 69%-81%) and related to a lack of financial resources, expensive medical services, availability and distance. The persons with the most recent onset of disabilities and severe hearing impairment were the most at risks for not receiving appropriate medical care. In persons with some mobility impairment, 78% were not using any assistive device. In respondents aged of 15 years old or more, the unemployment rate was 78% and higher in females, persons with severe disability, 5 and from Myauk-U district. Only 3% received a vocational training and they were 4 fold times more likely to currently work compared to other persons with disabilities. Only 3% of the persons with disabilities were receiving a pension, principally males over 50 years old. Overall, 81% (95%CI 77%-85%) of the respondents did not receive any assistance or social service within the last two years in particular in Myauk-U and Thandwe districts. The most frequent assistive devices or services needed to improve the function of the respondent were related to mobility (46%), physiotherapy, glasses, and hearing aids. The highest priorities reported for improving the living conditions were engaging in business, micro-credit, employment, physical rehabilitation and medication. In a context of extreme poverty and high unmet social needs and where females were the most vulnerable, forthcoming interventions should focus on persons with the most recent onset of disabilities as they have the most acute health and rehabilitation needs, access to bathrooms and clean water, food aid, inclusive vocational training programs and livelihood opportunities.
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Dates et versions

hal-01509366 , version 1 (17-04-2017)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01509366 , version 1

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Julien Zwang. Persons with Disabilities in Rakhine State, Myanmar, a Needs Assessment Study. 2016. ⟨hal-01509366⟩
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