Autoantibodies are a common feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ă their detection is used as a diagnostic tool in medical practice. ă Rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies ă (ACPA) detection in patients' sera are now included in 2010 ACR/EULAR ă criteria for RA diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated a new ă vimentin-derived ACPA ELISA, the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide high ă sensitive (CCP hs) test, and we compared its performance with the RF IgM ă and anti-CCP3 tests on a French multicenter cohort of 84 RA patients, ă 107 non-RA patients and 100 healthy controls. Sensitivities for RA ă diagnosis were 71.4, 84.5 and 64.3 % and specificities were 88.4, 86.9 ă and 87.3 % for CCP hs, CCP3 and RF IgM, respectively. There was a ă moderate correlation between CCP hs and CCP3 titers (Pearson's r = 0.43; ă p < 0.0001). These results support the contention that anti-CCP hs ă antibodies are new reliable ACPA with high specificity for RA.