Graphene nanoribbons: fabrication, properties and devices
Résumé
Graphene nanoribbons are fundamental components to the development of graphene
nanoelectronics. At the nanoscale, electronic confinement effects and electronic edge states
become essential to the properties of graphene. These effects depend critically on the ribbon
width and the nature of the ribbon edge, the control of which at the atomic scale is a major
challenge. Graphene nanoribbons have been largely studied theoretically, experimentally and
with the perspective of electronic applications. We review the basic properties of graphene
nanoribbons and recent progress in fabrication processes, focusing on the question of the
electronic gap. We examine top–down and bottom–up approaches to fabricate graphene
nanoribbons by lithographic, catalytic cutting, chemical assembly and epitaxial growth
methods and compare their electronic characteristics.
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