Optimal control of slender microswimmers
Résumé
We discuss a reduced model to compute the motion of slender swimmers
which propel themselves by changing the curvature of their body. Our approach is
based on the use of Resistive Force Theory for the evaluation of the viscous forces
and torques exerted by the surrounding fluid, and on discretizing the kinematics
of the swimmer by representing its body through an articulated chain of N rigid
links capable of planar deformations. The resulting system of ODEs governing the
motion of the swimmer is easy to assemble and to solve, making our reduced model
a valuable tool in the design and optimization of bio-inspired artificial microdevices.
We prove that the swimmer is controllable in the whole plane for N is greater of equal to 3 and for
almost every set of stick lengths. As a direct result, there exists an optimal swimming
strategy to reach a desired configuration in minimum time. Numerical experiments
for N = 3 (Purcell swimmer) suggest that the optimal strategy is periodic, namely a
sequence of identical strokes. Our results indicate that this candidate for an optimal
stroke indeed gives a better displacement speed than the classical Purcell stroke.
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