Counter intuitive learning: An exploratory study
Résumé
The literature on learning in unknown environments emphasises reinforcing on actions which produce positive results. But, in some cases, success
requires shifting from a currently successful actions to others. We examine, experimentally and theoretically in a very simple framework, how individuals
initially learn by exploiting information from the pay-offs of actions taken but also from exploring new actions. We analyse if and how they learn that
pay-offs are inter-temporally dependent. We then ran the same experiments but where individuals could observe the actions taken or the pay-offs
obtained by others or both. Such observations improved pay-offs if one of the pair had learned to obtain the maximum pay-off.
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