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Article Dans Une Revue Ecological Complexity Année : 2014

The spatio-temporal dynamics of neutral genetic diversity

Olivier Bonnefon
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Jérôme Coville
Jimmy Garnier
François Hamel
Lionel Roques

Résumé

The notions of pulled and pushed solutions of reaction-dispersal equations introduced by Garnier et al. (2012) and Roques et al. (2012) are based on a decomposition of the solutions into several components. In the framework of population dynamics, this decomposition is related to the spatio-temporal evolution of the genetic structure of a population. The pulled solutions describe a rapid erosion of neutral genetic diversity, while the pushed solutions are associated with a maintenance of diversity. This paper is a survey of the most recent applications of these notions to several standard models of population dynamics, including reaction-diffusion equations and systems and integro-differential equations. We describe several counterintuitive results, where unfavorable factors for the persistence and spreading of a population tend to promote diversity in this population. In particular, we show that the Allee effect, the existence of a competitor species, as well as the presence of climate constraints are factors which can promote diversity during a colonization. We also show that long distance dispersal events lead to a higher diversity, whereas the existence of a nonreproductive juvenile stage does not affect the neutral diversity in a range-expanding population.
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Dates et versions

hal-01257407 , version 1 (18-01-2016)

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Olivier Bonnefon, Jérôme Coville, Jimmy Garnier, François Hamel, Lionel Roques. The spatio-temporal dynamics of neutral genetic diversity. Ecological Complexity, 2014, 20, pp.282-292. ⟨10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.05.003⟩. ⟨hal-01257407⟩
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