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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2008

State of knowledge of road traffic pollutants effects on agricultural lands at the edge of roads

Résumé

Road traffic is one of the most important sources of air pollution due the emission of components whose compositions are relatively well known. Particles (metallic particles, diesel, dusts…) differ from gases (carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds…). These road traffic exhaust emissions are dispersed through the atmosphere and are partly settled at the vicinity of the road axes. They constitute a proximity chronic pollution on the lands at the edge of roads. The persistence of these pollutants in the natural environment has been the cause of much concern about the risk of contamination and the consequence for food safety. Indeed these compounds can have noxious effects on living beings health (phytotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic). Research interests for these pollutants have raised for a couple of years with the realization of studies which aim to determine the emissions/dispersions of automobile exhausts on various media (air, soil, biomonitoring methods with mosses, mushrooms, plants, animals, crops, …). Furthermore we observe a diversification of pollutant profiles to emerging pollutants, in particular the platinium group elements (Pt, Pd, Rh) produced by the abrasion and the deterioration of catalytic converters, which are obligatory in a range of developed countries to reduce the most toxic components of fumes (carbon monoxyde, incomplete organic matter combustion, nitrogen oxides). This synthesis aims to evaluate the situation of current research concerning the effects of road traffic pollutants on agricultural lands at the edge of roads. Indeed, farmed lands are often very close to road axes and, as a consequence, crops are potentially exposed to toxic motor exhausts inducing a risk of contamination in the food chain by the direct intake of edible products (vegetables, cereals, fruits) or indirectly by the ingestion of animal products (milk). Some crops, in particular leafy vegetables can be more exposed than other plants because, in general, a wider foliar surface is exposed to air which aids to the pollutants retention (in particular through rough, waffled, waxy or hairy surfaces). In a first part, we will report the current knowledge on studied crops, impact distances for pollutants and risks spaces. Then, we will analyse the results, based on current studies, on the concentration of pollutants for cultivated plants by connecting these results to the factors of variation of emission and dispersion. This inventory and report of knowledge will allow opening new research perspectives, following the concern of some actors of the supply chain, concerned about the food safety of agricultural products.
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Dates et versions

hal-01197844 , version 1 (11-09-2015)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01197844 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 38445

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Caroline Petit, Christine Aubry, Cécile Ducoulombier. State of knowledge of road traffic pollutants effects on agricultural lands at the edge of roads. 9. European meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Dec 2008, Girona, Spain. n.p. ⟨hal-01197844⟩
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