Pest risk assessment made by France on Ceratocystis fimbriata considered by France as harmful in French overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Health - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Rapport Année : 2008

Pest risk assessment made by France on Ceratocystis fimbriata considered by France as harmful in French overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Health

David Makowski

Résumé

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Plant Health was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on 30 pres risk assessments made by France on organisms which are considered by France as harmful in four French overseas departments, i.e. French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion. In particular, the Panel was asked whether these organisms can be considered as harmful organisms for the endangered area of the above departments, in the meaning of the definition mentioned in Article 2.1.(e) of Directive 2000/29/EC and thus potentially eligible for addition to the list of harmful organisms in Directive 2000/29/EC. This document presents the opinion of the Panel on Plant Health on the simplified[1] pest risk assessment conducted by France on Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halsted responsible for Ceratocystis canker of citrus with French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion considered as endangered area. C. fimbriata causes a very serious disease on many host plants. On citrus, it is reported in Colombia and Cuba to cause canker, dieback and wilt. The disease is systemic and can lead to the death of the plant. The Panel examined in detail the risk assessment provided, and considered the accuracy and quality of the information provided and methods applied for pest risk assessment purposes. The review was based on the principles of the International Standard on Phytosanitary Measures ISPM No. 11[2]: Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including analysis of environmental risks and living modified organisms (2004) by the International Plant Protection Convention (FAO, 2007b). The Panel observes that statements in the document are not individually referenced. Some statements are not supported by data. This is particularly noted in relation to economic impact of the introduction of the pathogen. The document could not consider the recent literature published after 2003 on taxonomy of Ceratocystis spp. The Panel concludes that: * The Panel agrees with the identification of the wood pathway, considering that the pathogen could transfer to a suitable host through infected host debris (e.g. sawdust) and by the help of insect vectors. The Panel considers that the probability of entry through host plants and vegetative propagation material would be moderate to high. The Panel notes that the highest risk for the citrus industry of the French overseas departments would be associated with the trade of host plants and vegetative propagation material or accompanying soil from areas where C. fimbriata is reported to cause disease on citrus (Colombia, Cuba). Main host crops of C. fimbriata in Colombia are citrus, coffee and cacao. The isolates pathogenic to cacao are now referred to the recently described species Ceratocystis cacaofunesta. In Cuba the reported hosts are citrus, coffee, taro and the naturalized ornamental tree Spathodea campanulata. The Panel also considers passenger traffic as an entry pathway. * The Panel, after taking into account the information provided in the document and additional consulted, concludes that the probability of establishment, once the pathogen enters the PRA area[3], would be high. * The Panel agrees with the document that cultural practices may lead to a rapid spread after establishment. * The Panel agrees that the impact on citrus would be severe and considers that the disease could also affect coffee and perhaps other tree species. * The level of uncertainty is high for the following aspects: lack of studies on pathogenicity to citrus of isolates from other host plants and other regions; limited data published on yield losses; the level of economic and social consequences would depend on the range of affected host plants. In agreement with the document, the Panel concludes that C. fimbriata is appropriate for evaluation of pest risk management options for the endangered areas of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion and thus potentially eligible for addition to the list of harmful organisms in Directive 2000/29/EC
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Dates et versions

hal-01173690 , version 1 (07-07-2015)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01173690 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 26016

Citer

R. Baker, D. Caffier, J.W. Choiseul, P. de Clercq, E. Dormannsne-Simon, et al.. Pest risk assessment made by France on Ceratocystis fimbriata considered by France as harmful in French overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Health. [0] European Commission. 2008, pp.1-21. ⟨hal-01173690⟩
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