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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2014

Influence of water vapor on high-temperature oxidation of titanium and zirconium and their alloys

Résumé

Titanium and zirconium are Group IV transition metals that possess the hexagonal crystal structure at room temperature. At temperatures above 865°C, Zr undergoes an allotropic transformation from the alpha to the beta phase, which has a face-centered cubic crystal structure. This transformation occurs at 882°C in Ti. The α-Zr and the α-Ti matrix can contain a high amount of dissolved oxygen at interstitial sites. Hydrogen can also be introduced into the metallic matrix, but this process is highly temperature-dependent. These properties are of great importance to the oxidation behavior of titanium and zirconium metals and alloys. Indeed, water vapor in the oxidizing environment does not only affect the oxide scale growth mechanism, but also influences the evolution of the substrate. Another distinctive characteristic has to do with the anion transport properties of titanium and zirconium oxides: stresses that develop at the metal/oxide interface and within the scale during its growth strongly influence the oxidation kinetics. Zirconium alloys are widely used as fuel claddings, especially in Pressurized Water Reactors. Consequently, many French studies have focused on the behavior of zirconium alloys in various nuclear applications. The first part of this chapter is devoted to the state of the art concerning the corrosion of zirconium alloys; the role of water vapor in the oxidation of pure titanium is presented as an example for pure Group IV transition metals. Next, we will deal with three aspects of zirconium alloys: their oxidation behavior during in-service PWR conditions, the role of water with regard to radiolysis effects in nuclear waste management issues and high temperature oxidation in a hypothetical PWR accident scenario.
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Dates et versions

hal-01103032 , version 1 (13-01-2015)

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  • HAL Id : hal-01103032 , version 1

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Clara Desgranges, Marc Tupin, Yves Wouters, Michele Pijolat, Yacoub Dali, et al.. Influence of water vapor on high-temperature oxidation of titanium and zirconium and their alloys . Sébastien Chevalier ; Jérôme Favergeon. French activity on high temperature corrosion in water vapor, 76, Trans Tech Publications, pp.75-129, 2014, Materials Science Foundations, 978-3-03785-996-4. ⟨hal-01103032⟩
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