Deamination features of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, a radical and enzymatic DNA oxidation product
Résumé
The 5-methylcytosine derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmCyt), which is generated via enzymatic oxidation, is sometimes referred to as the sixth nucleobase due to its widespread presence in the DNA of brain and embryonic stem cells. In this study, we used density functional based methods and reactivity indices from conceptual DFT to explore the mechanism and key features of the hydrolytic deamination of 5hmCyt. The data obtained are used to compare and contrast this deamination reaction with those of other cytosine derivatives. The deamination process for 5hmCyt is similar to the corresponding processes for other unsaturated derivatives in that the amino form is the reactive one and water addition is the rate-limiting step. However, several differences due to the rotameric asymmetry of the current system are also noted.
Mots clés
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine
Radical oxidation
Deamination
Enzymatic DNA oxidation
Mutation
DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL-APPROACH
MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS
FRONTIER-ELECTRON THEORY
GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS
CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY
HYDROLYTIC DEAMINATION
PHOTOSENSITIZED OXIDATION
ELECTROPHILICITY INDEX
ABSOLUTE HARDNESS
WAVE-FUNCTIONS