The non-Newtonian properties of activated sludge (AS) suspension lead to transfer limitations (oxygen, substrate...) and operation difficulties in Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTP). The current approach involves assuming the sludge behaves like water on a rheological point of view, and then oversizing pumping and aeration devices, which represent over 60% of the operating cost in WWTP. The objective of this work is to understand the effect of bioflocculation on the rheological properties and the settling ability of AS suspensions, by means of variations in concentration of exo-cellular polysaccharides. Experiments have been conducted in a 20 L laboratory scale bioreactor at a constant retention time of 20 days and with a total suspended solid concentration between 15 and 20 g L−1.