Singletons are those unitary irreducible modules of the Poincare or (anti) de Sitter group that can be lifted to unitary modules of the conformal group. Higher-spin algebras are the corresponding realizations of the universal enveloping algebra of the conformal algebra on these modules. These objects appear in a wide variety of areas of theoretical physics: AdS/CFT correspondence, electric-magnetic duality, higher-spin multiplets, infinite-component Majorana equations, higher-derivative symmetries, etc. Singletons and higher-spin algebras are reviewed through a list of their many equivalent definitions in order to approach them from various perspectives. The focus of this introduction is on the symmetries of a singleton: its maximal algebra and the manifest realization thereof.