A multiscale description of failure in granular materials
Résumé
This paper presents conditions of initiation and development of failure in granular materials through a two-dimensional discrete element model. General condition for the effective development of failure and its physical characteristics are recalled. Then relation between failure and the second order work expressed in terms of microscopic variables is discussed. Eventually, correspondence between a localized mode of failure marked with shear band patterns and space distribution of negative values of microscopic second-order work is investigated.