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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2010

Managing sulphur content of pig diet to control further sulphides production during pig slurry anaerobic storage

Résumé

The mixing of different raw materials during formulation strategies of pig feeding influences sulphurs food intake and further sulphur excretion by the animals. Increased amount of sulphur in manure can result in toxicity and odour problems during storage as well as potential inhibition problems in case of anaerobic digestion treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the behaviour of different sulphur feed contents on pig excretion via faeces and urine, to evaluate the speciation of sulphur forms excreted and to determine further behaviour of sulphur in pig slurry during anaerobic storage. The sulphurs content of 76 different raw materials usually used to formulate pig feeding diets was measured and classified. Total sulphurs content varied between 0.5 to 10 gS.kg-1 of dry material. For most of these raw materials, total sulphur content was correlated with sulphur amino acid composition. Then, two experiments were conducted with finishing castrated male pigs (n=10; n=20) randomized and individually housed in metabolic cages which allowed precise control for feed alimentation and excretion collection. Ten experimental diets based on wheat and on soybean meal were compared. They differed by the incorporation of different raw materials with different total S content (wheat malt, beets pulp or rapeseed meal). Total crude protein content for all formulations tested varied between 16.5 and 20 %. Trials were realised during 20 days with 10 days dedicated for new feed adaptation followed by 10 days when urine and faeces were individually collected. At the end of the experimental procedure, the feed, faeces and urine collected for each studied pig were analysed for total solids, volatile solids, total sulphur and sulphate. Feed sulphur content varied between 1.6 and 4.1 g.kg-1 of total solids. For all experiments, sulphur retention by animals was close to 25 % of the total ingested S whereas 75 % was excreted. Sulphurs were excreted as 100% sulphate speciation form in urine and 50% sulphate in faeces. With this dataset, sulphurs concentrations as sulphates in fresh pig slurries were determined and ranged between 0.5 and 1.7 gS.kg-1 depending on the feed formulation. Behaviour of sulphate content of fresh pig slurry was studied with spiking raw pig slurry with different amounts of sulphate (0 to 2 gS.kg-1) and volatile fatty acids (acetic, propionic and butyric acids). Kinetics of sulphate consumption and sulphide apparition were measured. In anaerobic storage condition of pig's slurries, added sulphate was consumed within 3 weeks by a first order kinetics reaction to form solely sulphides. These results show that sulphides content in stored pig slurry and its associated problems could be partially managed by sulphur diet control.
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Dates et versions

hal-00635357 , version 1 (25-10-2011)

Identifiants

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P. Peu, S. Picard, Jean-Yves Dourmad, P. Dabert. Managing sulphur content of pig diet to control further sulphides production during pig slurry anaerobic storage. Recycling Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial Residues in Agriculture Network, RAMIRAN, Sep 2010, Lisbonne, Portugal. p. 1 - p. 134. ⟨hal-00635357⟩
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