Drag Reducing Surfactants for District Heating
Résumé
An application of specific surfactants in district heating and cooling systems can give notable economical benefits due to a reduction in friction and heat transfer attributed to a formation of an additional viscous sublayer along the pipe walls, buffering the turbulence. A mathematical three-layer model of water velocity profile is composed for the calculation of drag reduction and flow-capacity increase. At a properly chosen surfactant and concentration, the local drag can be reduced up to 80%. A computer simulation and optimization for a selected district heating network model with additive shows 4% saving in total costs because smaller pipes and weaker pumps are required.
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PEER_stage2_10.1016%2Fj.applthermaleng.2009.12.012.pdf (605.01 Ko)
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