Ensemble learning for brain computer-interface using uncooperative democratic echo state communities
Résumé
This paper deals with the issue of features construction and selection for signals acquired during non-invasive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) experiments. The so-called Echo State Network (ESN) architecture, a reservoir computing approach proposed by H. Jaeger in 2001, is first adapted to the specific issue of EEG signals classification. In order to predict the performed task, a commonly used ESN architecture is combined with regularized logistic regression trained following aggressive subsampling principles. The resulting method is shown to significantly outperform classification rates obtained using raw EEG signals. Basic single ESNs are then integrated to take advantage of ensemble learning techniques and aggressive subsampling principles. The resulting new architecture, called Uncooperative Democratic Echo State Community (UDESC), constitutes one of the first attempt to provide an efficient subject-independent features construction algorithm. Based on the generative power of individual ESNs as well as the discriminative abilities of ensemble learning combined with aggressive subsampling, it is shown to advantageously integrate the knowledge acquired by each single ESN. The results shown along this paper make an extensive use of a real training dataset made available to the BCI community during BCI Competition 2008. This dataset consists of four subjects involved in a two-class motor-imagery BCI experiments.
Mots clés
Uncooperative Democratic Echo State Community (UDESC)
Echo State Network
BMI
Brain-Computer Interface
Electroencephalography
Action selection
statistical analysis
ensemble learning
spectrum analysis
signal classification
classification
Neural fields and attractor networks
signal processing
logistic regression
aggressive subsampling
subsampling
System dynamics
EEG
neural network
artificial intelligence
machine learning
distributed learning
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