New material of Epiaceratherium and a new species of Mesaceratherium clear up the phylogeny of early Rhinocerotidae (Perissodactyla) - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Royal Society Open Science Année : 2020

New material of Epiaceratherium and a new species of Mesaceratherium clear up the phylogeny of early Rhinocerotidae (Perissodactyla)

Jérémy Tissier
Damien Becker

Résumé

Reduction of the anterior dentition (i.e. incisors and canines) is a major adaptative trait of the Rhinocerotidae among Perissodactyla. However, the corresponding evolutionary sequence was lacking a robust phylogenetic frame to support it thus far. Here, we describe a new Oligocene species of Rhinocerotinae, Mesaceratherium sp. nov. from the Swiss locality of Bumbach (MP25 reference level). In addition, we identify the only known complete mandible of Epiaceratherium magnum, an early-branching rhinocerotid, as well as one of the earliest European rhinoceroses. We also compute a parsimony analysis based on morpho-anatomical characters to assess their phylogenetic position and elucidate the early evolution of the Rhinocerotidae. Our results allow to propose a new scenario for the reduction of the anterior dentition in which upper and lower dentitions would have undergone distinct evolutionary trajectories.
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hal-03450404 , version 1 (26-11-2021)

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Jérémy Tissier, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Damien Becker. New material of Epiaceratherium and a new species of Mesaceratherium clear up the phylogeny of early Rhinocerotidae (Perissodactyla). Royal Society Open Science, 2020, 7, ⟨10.1098/rsos.200633⟩. ⟨hal-03450404⟩
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