Neuromorphic nanoelectronic devices that can emulate the temperature-sensitive dynamics of biological neurons are of great interest for bio-inspired robotics and advanced applications such as in-silico neuroscience. In this work, we demonstrate the biomimetic thermosensitive properties of two-terminal V3O5 memristive devices and showcase their similarity to the firing characteristics of thermosensitive biological neurons. The temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of V3O5-based memristors are used to understand the spiking response of a simple relaxation oscillator. The temperature-dependent dynamics of these oscillators are then compared with those of biological neurons through numerical simulations of a conductance-based neuron model, the Morris-Lecar neuron model. Finally, we demonstrate a robust neuromorphic thermosensation system inspired by biological thermoreceptors for bio-inspired thermal perception and representation. These results not only demonstrate the biorealistic emulative potential of threshold-switching memristors but also establish V3O5 as a functional material for realizing solid-state neurons for neuromorphic computing and sensing applications.