This thesis is performed in industrial context and presents a whole framework for people detection and tracking in a camera network. It addresses the main process steps: people detection, people tracking in mono-camera context, and people re-identification in multi-camera context. High performances and real-time processing are considered as strong constraints. People detection aims to localise and delimits people in video sequences. The proposed people detection is performed using a cascade of classifiers trained using LogitBoost algorithm on region covariance descriptors. A state of the art approach is strongly optimized to process in real time and to provide better detection performances. The optimization scheme is generalizable to many other kind of detectors where all possible weak classifiers cannot be reasonably tested. People tracking in mono-camera context aims to provide a set of reliable images of every observed person by each camera, to extract his visual signature, and it provides some useful real world information for re-identification purpose. It is achieved by tracking SIFT features using a specific particle filter in addition to a data association framework which infer object tracking from SIFT points one, and which deals with most of possible cases, especially occlusions. Finally, people re-identification is performed using an appearance based approach by improving a state of the art approach, providing better performances while keeping the real-time processing advantage. A context-aware part is introduced to robustify the visual signature against people orientations, ensuring better re-identification performances in real application case.