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                <forename type="first">Chiara</forename>
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            <funder>N.L. is supported by Sorbonne Université (doctoral grant number 3210/2018), and J.M.H. is supported by a PasteurFoundation Fellowship. Thiswork was supported by grants to C.Z. from Equipe FRM (Fondation pour la RechercheMédicale) 2014 (DEQ 20140329557), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR 16 CE160019-01 NEUROTUNN), UniversitéParis Sciences et Lettres-QLife Institute (ANR-17-CONV-0005 Q-LIFE), and the INCEPTION program-P2I (Investissementd’Avenir grant ANR-16).</funder>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Trends in Cell Biology&lt;/i&gt;, 2021, 31 (2), pp.130-142. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2020.11.008"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1016/j.tcb.2020.11.008&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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                <term xml:lang="en">actin polymerization</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">actin regulators</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">cellular protrusions</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">filamentous actin</term>
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              <p>Actin remodeling is at the heart of the response of cells to external or internalstimuli, allowing a variety of membrane protrusions to form. Fifteen years ago,tunneling  nanotubes  (TNTs)  were  identified,bringinganoveladditiontothefamily of actin-supported cellular protrusions. Their unique property as conduitsfor cargo transfer between distant cells emphasizes the unique nature of TNTsamong other protrusions. While TNTs in different pathological and physiologicalscenarios have been described, the molecular basis of how TNTs form is not wellunderstood. In this review, we discuss the role of several actin regulators in theformation of TNTs and suggest potential players based on their comparisonwith other actin-based protrusions. New perspectives for discovering a distinctTNT formation pathway would enable us to target them in treating the increasingnumber of TNT-involved pathologies.</p>
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