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Article Dans Une Revue Malaria Journal Année : 2011

Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen-1 is cross-linked by tissue transglutaminase.

William Nicoll
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John Sacci
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Carlo Rodolfo
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Giuseppina Di Giacomo
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Mauro Piacentini
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David Lanar
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Résumé

BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites injected by mosquitoes into the blood rapidly enter liver hepatocytes and undergo pre-erythrocytic developmental schizogony forming tens of thousands of merozoites per hepatocyte. Shortly after hepatocyte invasion, the parasite starts to produce Liver Stage Antigen-1 (LSA-1), which accumulates within the parasitophorous vacuole surrounding the mass of developing merozoites. The LSA-1 protein has been described as a flocculent mass, but its role in parasite development has not been determined. METHODS: Recombinant N-terminal, C-terminal or a construct containing both the N- and C- terminal regions flanking two 17 amino acid residue central repeat sequences (LSA-NRC) were subjected to in vitro modification by tissue transglutaminase-2 (TG2) to determine if cross-linking occurred. In addition, tissue sections of P. falciparum-infected human hepatocytes were probed with monoclonal antibodies to the isopeptide ε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine cross-bridge formed by TG2 enzymatic activity to determine if these antibodies co-localized with antibodies to LSA-1 in the growing liver schizonts. RESULTS: This study identified a substrate motif for (TG2) and a putative casein kinase 2 phosphorylation site within the central repeat region of LSA-1. The function of TG2 is the post-translational modification of proteins by the formation of a unique isopeptide ε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine cross-bridge between glutamine and lysine residues. When recombinant LSA-1 protein was crosslinked in vitro by purified TG2 in a calcium dependent reaction, a flocculent mass of protein was formed that was highly resistant to degradation. The cross-linking was not detectably affected by phosphorylation with plasmodial CK2 in vitro. Monoclonal antibodies specific to the very unique TG2 catalyzed ε- lysine cross-bridge co-localized with antibodies to LSA-1 in infected human hepatocytes providing visual evidence that LSA-1 was cross-linked in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: While the role of LSA-1 is still unknown these results suggest that it becomes highly cross-linked which may aid in the protection of the parasite as it develops.
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Dates et versions

inserm-00622805 , version 1 (12-09-2011)

Identifiants

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William Nicoll, John Sacci, Carlo Rodolfo, Giuseppina Di Giacomo, Mauro Piacentini, et al.. Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen-1 is cross-linked by tissue transglutaminase.. Malaria Journal, 2011, 10 (1), pp.14. ⟨10.1186/1475-2875-10-14⟩. ⟨inserm-00622805⟩

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