This paper discusses the ways in which local actors adapted Islam to Europe, specifically in Southeastern Europe, from the beginning of the twentieth century until today. It analyses some of the discourses and actions which are explicitly presented by local actors themselves as efforts to adapt Islam to Europe. Albania lends itself well for such a discussion, since it was the only European country with a Muslim majority, before the recent creation of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo as independent states. It concentrates on inter-war Albania in order to subsequently highlight some features of the post-socialist situation.