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              <p>Stretching over 40 km, the Basque coastline of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department boasts remarkable geomorphological and geological diversity, with cliffs made up of flysch whose hydromechanical properties change significantly under the effect of weathering and variations in saturation. These changes play a decisive role in the landslides and mudslides responsible for coastal erosion. This work, carried out as part of the the project FEDER EZPONDA led by the Communauté d’Agglomération du Pays Basque (CAPB), aims to characterise the geotechnical properties of the altered marls of the G facies flysch outcropping at Bidart, a particularly active site that poses an increased risk to human and material assets located at the top of the cliff. An experimental campaign was conducted to determine the identification properties (grain size, Atterberg limits, density, mineralogy), followed by triaxial tests on reconstituted specimens under saturated and partially saturated conditions. The materials exhibit a high montmorillonite content and a high plasticity index, indicative of highly plastic clay behavior strongly sensitive to water content variations. Triaxial tests show that shear strength is closely related to saturation conditions, with matrix suction significantly strengthening the material. These results provide key insights into the failure mechanisms affecting weathered marls on the Basque coast and supply mechanical parameters that are essential for modelling cliff stability.</p>
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              <p>S’étirant sur 40 km, le littoral basque des Pyrénées-Atlantiques présente une remarquable diversité géomorphologique et géologique, avec des falaises constituées de flyschs dont les propriétés hydromécaniques évoluent fortement sous l’effet de l’altération et des variations de saturation. Ces évolutions contribuent de manière déterminante aux glissements-coulées responsables du recul du rivage. Ce travail, mené dans le cadre du projet FEDER EZPONDA porté par la Communauté d’Agglomération du Pays Basque (CAPB), vise à caractériser les propriétés géotechniques des marnes altérées du flysch de faciès G affleurant à Bidart, un site particulièrement actif qui pose un risque accru pour les enjeux humains et matériels situés en sommet de falaise. Une campagne expérimentale a été conduite afin de déterminer les propriétés d’identification (granulométrie, limites d’Atterberg, densité, minéralogie), complétée par des essais triaxiaux sur éprouvettes reconstituées en conditions saturées et partiellement saturées. Les matériaux présentent une forte teneur en montmorillonite et un indice de plasticité élevé, caractéristiques d’un comportement argileux très plastique et fortement sensible aux variations hydriques. Les essais triaxiaux montrent que la résistance au cisaillement dépend étroitement de l’état de saturation, la succion matricielle renforçant significativement le matériau. Ces résultats apportent des éléments clés pour la compréhension des mécanismes de rupture affectant les marnes altérées du littoral basque et fournissent des paramètres mécaniques indispensables à la modélisation de la stabilité des falaises.</p>
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