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            <title xml:lang="en">The weak influence of constitutional settings on cooperation</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Federalism</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Cooperation</term>
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              <p>Cooperation implies the participation of several spheres of government so as to implement jointed or coordinated programs. In the federal systems, cooperation is a key of intergovernmental relations. But it is not necessary organized by the federal constitution. In most cases, cooperation is conducted by informal practices and conducts to agreement wich is applyed in legal measures. Indeed, the special feature of cooperation is that’s a technique to reach a goal or to resolve a problem so it can’t be an institutionnalized system. Every case of cooperation is specific. So the constitutionalization of cooperation procedure is not a good way to make cooperation efficient.</p>
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