Pré-Publication, Document De Travail Année : 2026

Optimal Control of Microswimmers for Trajectory Tracking Using Bayesian Optimization

Résumé

Trajectory tracking for microswimmers remains a key challenge in microrobotics, where low-Reynolds-number dynamics make control design particularly complex. In this work, we formulate the trajectory tracking problem as an optimal control problem and solve it using a combination of B-spline parametrization with Bayesian optimization, allowing the treatment of high computational costs without requiring complex gradient computations. Applied to a flagellated magnetic swimmer, the proposed method reproduces a variety of target trajectories, including biologically inspired paths observed in experimental studies. We further evaluate the approach on a three-sphere swimmer model, demonstrating that it can adapt to and partially compensate for wall-induced hydrodynamic effects. The proposed optimization strategy can be applied consistently across models of different fidelity, from low-dimensional ODE-based models to high-fidelity PDE-based simulations, showing its robustness and generality. These results highlight the potential of Bayesian optimization as a versatile tool for optimal control strategies in microscale locomotion under complex fluid-structure interactions.

Dates et versions

hal-05504613 , version 1 (11-02-2026)

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Lucas Palazzolo, Mickaël Binois, Laëtitia Giraldi. Optimal Control of Microswimmers for Trajectory Tracking Using Bayesian Optimization. 2026. ⟨hal-05504613⟩
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