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              <p>Proton computed tomography (pCT) is an imaging modality which offers numerous advantages for proton therapy, including more precise estimation of the proton stopping power map compared to its current estimation based on X-ray computed tomography (CT). List-mode pCT scanners measure the energy loss of each proton to estimate the integral of the proton stopping power along its path. However, there is currently no list-mode pCT scanner which is fast enough for clinical use. A time-of-flight (TOF) pCT scanner was recently proposed as a potential solution, referred to as sandwich TOF, where the stopping power integral must be estimated using the TOF of protons between two detectors located before and after the scanned object along the proton beam. The advantage of this kind of set-up is its compactness. Conversion from sandwich TOF to the line integral of the relative proton stopping power is not trivial as the proton speed and energy change differently depending on the sought stopping power of the traversed materials. In this work, we propose a simple reconstruction procedure using a lookup table approach. The method is assessed using Monte Carlo simulations of several objects and compared to images obtained with energy-based pCT.</p>
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